Colani op 3 nov 2024 om 19:53

2024-11-03T19:53:36Z

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'''Thermidor''' was de elfde maand van de [[Franse republikeinse kalender]]; thermidor betekent: '''warmtemaand'''.

Vergeleken met de [[gregoriaanse kalender]] begon de maand op [[19 juli|19]] of [[20 juli]] en eindigde op [[17 augustus|17]] of [[18 augustus]].

{{Tabel republikeinse kalender|maand=11}}

== Thermidor en Revolutie ==
De [[Thermidoriaanse Reactie]], of ook wel de Thermidorregime is de naam van een [[muiterij]] op 9 Thermidor van het jaar [[II (Franse republikeinse kalender)|II]] ([[27 juli]] [[1794]]) tegen [[Maximilien de Robespierre]], die werd gearresteerd en zonder proces onder de [[guillotine]] op 10 thermidor II, ([[28 juli]] [[1794]]) geëxecuteerd werd, waarmee de periode van de [[Terreur (Franse Revolutie)|Terreur]] eindigde.
De term Thermidor heeft bij historici de betekenis gekregen van die fase in een revolutie waarin de politieke situatie weer terugkeert naar iets dat lijkt op de pre-revolutionaire toestand en de revolutionairen de macht verliezen. [[Leon Trotski]], noemt in zijn boek ''The revolution betrayed: What Is the Soviet Union and Where Is It Going?'', de opkomst van [[Jozef Stalin|Stalin]] en de opkomst van de postrevolutionaire bureaucratie de ''Sovjet Thermidor''.

{| align="center" cellpadding="3" style="background-color: #ffffee; border: 1px solid #999; border-right: 2px solid #999; border-bottom: 2px solid #999"
|-
! Conversietabel tussen de republikeinse en de gregoriaanse kalender voor de maand<br />'''thermidor'''
|-
|
{| align="center" rules="all" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" style="border: 1px solid #999; text-align: center"
|-
| align="center" colspan="30" |
{| width="70%" align="center" style="text-align:center"
|-
| width="11%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | I
| width="11%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | II
| width="11%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | III
| width="11%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | IV
| width="11%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | V
| width="11%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | VI
| width="11%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | VII
|}
|-
| 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 6 || 7 || 8 || 9 || 10 || 11 ||12 || 13 ||14 || 15 || 16 || 17 || 18 || 19 || 20 || 21 || 22 || 23 || 24 || 25 || 26 || 27 || 28 || 29 || 30
|- style="border-top: 2px solid #999"
| [[19 juli|19]] || [[20 juli|20]] || [[21 juli|21]] || [[22 juli|22]] || [[23 juli|23]] || [[24 juli|24]] || [[25 juli|25]] || [[26 juli|26]] || [[27 juli|27]] || [[28 juli|28]] || [[29 juli|29]] || [[30 juli|30]] || [[31 juli|31]] || style="border-left: 2px solid #999" | [[1 augustus|1]] || [[2 augustus|2]] || [[3 augustus|3]] || [[4 augustus|4]] || [[5 augustus|5]] || [[6 augustus|6]] || [[7 augustus|7]] || [[8 augustus|8]] || [[9 augustus|9]] || [[10 augustus|10]] || [[11 augustus|11]] || [[12 augustus|12]] || [[13 augustus|13]] || [[14 augustus|14]] || [[15 augustus|15]] || [[16 augustus|16]] || [[17 augustus|17]]
|-
| align="center" colspan="30" |
{| width="100%" style="text-align: center"
|-
| width="15%" align="left" | [[Juli]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | [[1793]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | [[1794]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | [[1795]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | [[1796]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | [[1797]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | [[1798]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | [[1799]]
| width="15%" align="right" | [[Augustus (maand)|Augustus]]
|}
|}
|-
|
{| align="center" rules="all" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" style="border: 1px solid #999; text-align: center; margin-top: 1em"
| align="center" colspan="30" |
{| width="60%" align="center" style="text-align:center"
|-
| width="11%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | VIII
| width="11%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | IX
| width="11%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | X
| width="11%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | XI
| width="11%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | XII
| width="11%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | XIII
|}
|-
| 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 6 || 7 || 8 || 9 || 10 || 11 ||12 || 13 ||14 || 15 || 16 || 17 || 18 || 19 || 20 || 21 || 22 || 23 || 24 || 25 || 26 || 27 || 28 || 29 || 30
|- style="border-top: 2px solid #999"
| [[20 juli|20]] || [[21 juli|21]] || [[22 juli|22]] || [[23 juli|23]] || [[24 juli|24]] || [[25 juli|25]] || [[26 juli|26]] || [[27 juli|27]] || [[28 juli|28]] || [[29 juli|29]] || [[30 juli|30]] || [[31 juli|31]] || style="border-left: 2px solid #999" | [[1 augustus|1]] || [[2 augustus|2]] || [[3 augustus|3]] || [[4 augustus|4]] || [[5 augustus|5]] || [[6 augustus|6]] || [[7 augustus|7]] || [[8 augustus|8]] || [[9 augustus|9]] || [[10 augustus|10]] || [[11 augustus|11]] || [[12 augustus|12]] || [[13 augustus|13]] || [[14 augustus|14]] || [[15 augustus|15]] || [[16 augustus|16]] || [[17 augustus|17]] || [[18 augustus|18]]
|-
| align="center" colspan="30" |
{| width="100%" style="text-align: center"
| width="20%" align="left" | [[Juli]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | [[1800]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | [[1801]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | [[1802]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | [[1803]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #e8e8e8" | [[1804]]
| width="10%" style="background-color: #f3f3f3" | [[1805]]
| width="20%" align="right" | [[Augustus (maand)|Augustus]]
|}
|}
|}

{{Appendix|1=bron|2=
* ''Calendrier de la République française'' Conforme au Décret du 14 Vendémiaire, l'an second de la République, Imprimerie Bibliographique (1793)
* Noah Shusterman (2014) ''De Franse revolutie'', Historisch Nieuwsblad, Veen Media
}}

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[[Categorie:Maand van de Franse republikeinse kalender]][[Categorie:Kalender]]

Thermidor - Bewerkingsoverzicht

Colani op 3 nov 2024 om 19:53